To control various electrical devices and mechanisms at a distance, control buttons are used. Basically, buttons control devices equipped with electric motors. The operator does not need to climb onto the hoist to move the hook to the desired location. He only needs to press a certain button on the remote control, and the equipment will begin to move under the action of the included electric motor.
Many electrical devices in factories are controlled in this way. Button posts can be located at the worker's workplace, thereby forming a kind of panel for performing production tasks that are associated with the operation of equipment at the plant.
Push-button stations carry out the work of starting or stopping electrical devices, for reversing the movement of drives in mechanisms, for emergency stopping of drives of mechanisms in urgent situations, etc. It depends on the task performed by the device or equipment.
Design and operation
Push-button posts are manufactured in housings of different shapes and a different number of buttons, depending on the functions they perform. The peculiarity of using buttons is that they are not used in high voltage circuits. However, push-button stations can control high-voltage equipment by connecting them in control circuits at alternating current up to 600 V, and at direct current up to 400 V.
It is not the operating power current that passes through the control buttons, but the control current. Button posts also work. The power circuit is closed by a starter, which operates from a push-button post.
The number of buttons varies depending on the number of load objects. Button posts are 2-button and multi-button. The simplest push-button post contains two buttons: "Start" and "Stop".
The buttons are placed in the case, which is located in a place convenient for work. Separately, it is worth noting the push-button posts of telphers, abbreviated as PKT.
The button is the main part of the button post. Their designs are divided into 2 types: with fixation and self-return. Latching buttons open the contacts and return to their original position only when pressed again. The self-returning version of the buttons works by pushing the button with the spring to its original state, that is, when one button is pressed, the second is pushed out automatically, and vice versa.
The most common two-button post with a locking mechanism operates in this order. When the Stop button is pressed, the circuit is open, and the Start button is in a free state. If you press the "Start" button, the circuit is closed, and the "Stop" button is pushed out by the spring to its original position. Such push-button posts function in large numbers. They serve to control the action of the starter, which turns on the power circuit.
Body materials are selected based on external factors of operation and electrical safety. This material is metal or plastic. Buttons are often mounted without a housing, directly on the device.
Types of buttons
By form:
- In the form of a mushroom.
- Recessed.
- In the form of a cylinder.
By color:
- “Stop” - yellow and red are used more often.
- "Start" - blue, green, white, black.
Designations
Today the choice of control buttons and posts for them is very wide. The most popular were the single push-button posts PKE. They are installed on machines in the woodworking industry, metalworking, etc. These control buttons can connect circuits with amperage up to 10 amps at 600 volts.
The posts of the PKE buttons have a digital designation, which stands for the following:
1 - a row in a series.
2 - installation method.
3 - protection class.
4 - material.
5 - number of contacts.
6 - modernization.
7 - climatic option by location category.
PKU stations - special designation of stations for work in an explosion-safe environment, without dust and gas. Such posts are similar to the PKE series, but have their own designation:
1 - row.
2 - modification.
3 - current.
4 - the number of buttons in a row horizontally.
5 - number of buttons vertically.
6 - installation method.
7 - degree of protection.
8 - climate performance.
The PKT series refers to hoists, cranes. Their properties are similar to the previous series. They are designated by three numbers:
1 - series.
2 - number of buttons.
3 - version according to the climate.
The KPVT series refers to explosion-proof control panels. They operate devices in mines and paint jobs.
SDL16 control buttons
Appointment
Such control buttons are used to connect electrical circuits, start, stop electric motors, or other equipment.
Dignity
- Reliability. The innovative design allows to give the body increased rigidity, thereby preventing backlash during operation.
- Brightness. The color of the buttons is very bright. Some versions have LED backlighting.
- Low cost with high quality. The control buttons have a long life, a solid construction at an affordable price.
The advantages of LED backlighting, in contrast to neon, are in brightness, do not fade over time and do not have a reaction to interference. And also economical in work, durable, compared to neon illumination.
Button propertiesSDL16
- these are special devices that are used for the remote control of various electrical installations and devices, machines and machine tools. Basically, buttons and posts are used with electrical equipment where electric motors are drives.
Thanks to buttons and push-button posts, the operator is freed from the need to lift the crane in order, for example, to move the hook to the desired location. To accomplish such a task, you just need to use one button. This is how machines, pumps and other large equipment are controlled.
The necessary buttons and posts are located at the workplace in such a way that they form a single control panel designed to solve specific tasks at a particular enterprise.
What is a button?
Buttons are an electrical device, the design of which includes a button element and a drive element. The main purpose is manual remote control of equipment and devices. Buttons are used in AC circuits, the maximum voltage of which is 660 V, as well as in DC circuits with a voltage of 440 V.
Blocks are divided into two types:
- monoblock - the drive and contacts are in one block;
- two-block - the drive is mounted on a separate plate, and the button is located on under the drive.
After stopping the pressing, the drive element returns to its original position. But among the huge number of modern buttons and push-button posts, there are those that do not have a self-return, but are equipped with a mechanical or electromagnetic latch. Modern models of buttons are equipped with movable contacts made of silver or cermets. The type of these contacts is bridge contacts with a double circuit break.
The safety of work is ensured by the fact that the pushers of the “stop” command buttons protrude 3-5 mm above the control panel cover. The start buttons, in turn, are recessed into the cover to the same depth.
Modern buttons and push-button posts differ in the degree of protection against environmental influences. Thus, there are open buttons, as well as protected from dust and moisture.
What is a push button post?
A station or push-button post is a number of different buttons that are combined under a single shell.
The purpose of the push-button post is to turn off and on electrical equipment, to change the direction of rotation of electric drives, for emergency shutdown of devices, etc.
Push-button posts are manufactured in different cases and in a different number of buttons, which directly depends on the tasks assigned to the stations. There is a bottom feature - push-button posts are not used in high-voltage circuits, while they can work with high-voltage equipment. The push-button stations operate in AC voltage circuits up to 600 and DC up to 400 V. The starter acts as a commutation of power circuits, which, in turn, is controlled by the push-button station. Here is an example: a magnetic starter controls the connection of an asynchronous type electric motor to the mains (either directly or in reverse); the starter is controlled using a post.
The number of buttons in a button post is determined by the number of consumers, as well as their number. Thus, the button station can be two-button and multi-button. The simplest version of the post - two buttons ("start" and "stop"). It also happens that one button is used.
The main element of any push-button post is a push-button. These buttons are divided into two types: with a self-return function and with the possibility of fixing.
Self-return pushbuttons are returned to their original position by means of a special spring. That is, when you press the stop button, the start button returns to its original position. If the push-button is with latching, then the contacts will open only when pressed again.
Push-button stations of this type have a wide range of applications. They often control magnetic starters without directly supplying current.
The body of the button station is made of either plastic or metal. The choice of material directly depends on the conditions in which the operation is intended, as well as on the degree of safety. The buttons differ in shape and color. The color scheme has already become classic. Thus, the stop buttons are usually red, and the start buttons are green. The shape of the buttons can be recessed, mushroom, cylindrical.
The choice of push-button posts, which are presented on the electrical engineering market today, is very extensive. But at the same time, all devices function according to the same principle. The most popular posts are the PKE models. They are mainly used in woodworking machines, on conventional milling machines.
A series of PKU stations is a special line for operation in an explosion-proof environment, where the content of gases and dust is minimal.
Explosion-proof posts are "KPVT" and "PVK" devices. They are mainly used in the coal industry, etc.
PKT stations are stations for controlling bridge cranes and girder cranes.
To control a variety of mechanisms at a distance, special devices are used. Basically, for this purpose, a push-button control post with 2 or 3 buttons is used.
Description and construction
The control station is designed for switching electrical circuits of various devices and electromagnetic starters of machines. This device allows you to provide remote control in production and in everyday life. There are different types of pushbutton switches, which are classified depending on the area of use and the characteristics of the working network (telpher, explosion-proof, etc.).
Photo - simple post layoutThe design of posts also depends on their type and use. Consider a push-button control post PKE 222 2 for 2 buttons, which has a very simple control scheme. This switch is installed in niches, therefore, it is enclosed in a plastic case with special pushers. The mechanism is sealed, the level of protection is IP40, the main parts are two working contacts isolated from each other. At the same time, there is a similar imported device with IP54 protection. Its feature is the presence of a rubber gasket between the pusher and the working contact. In both types of device, an additional spacer is mounted between the wall (or other mounting plane) and the rear panel. The main feature of this model is the presence of holes and an additional casing where the wires are inserted.
Photo - PKE 222 2 The principle of operation is based on the action of a simple impulse relay. When the button is pressed, the contact closes and the switched device is disconnected, respectively, when pressed again, this contact opens and the device controlled by the post is turned on.
Photo - diagram of a simple contactor Video: FPB Series Buttons
Types
There are different types of button posts, consider the technical characteristics and a description of the most popular of them.
A push-button explosion-proof or emergency station PVK 1,2,3 is used for remote control of vehicles (both land-based and sea). Due to their rather wide action, such devices are often also used to control drives of stationary machines (machine tools).
Photo - PVC Specifications:
- Initial voltage - 127 Volts;
- Mains frequency - 50 Hz;
Standard marking, for example, PVK 21U5:
- X1 - the number of pushers above the contacts (in our case, 2);
- X2 - protection;
- X3 - climatic version according to GOST 15150-69 (there are options for U, HL, OM or T, in this device - "U");
- X4 is the type of installation.
Post telpher with a key, push-button type PKT 60. With the help of this type of starter, the operation of various traction mechanisms is monitored. This is mainly a crane, elevator escalator, beams, etc. This manual post is equipped with a special indication that allows you to control the mushroom button and direct it in the desired direction.
Photo - PKT 60 6 buttons An open-type push-button post with PKU 13 fixation can be mounted on closed and open areas of various mechanisms (cranes, machine tools, and others). The system operates in a standard 660 (440) Volt network with a frequency of no more than 60 Hertz. It is used for installation in pumping stations, trigger mechanisms (for example, in a port), etc.
Photo - PKU 13 Explosion-proof push-button post KU 92 is required to control the operation of dynamic and stationary machines in any conditions. The key feature is the protection level IP 54 and explosion protection 1ExdIIBT5. The device in a plastic casing is equipped with an inlet with a seal (rubber gasket). A contact control drive is also housed inside the housing. The certificate of conformity of quality says that power armored cable, as well as pipe cords with rubber seals, can be connected to the working contacts.
Photo - KU 92 It is very easy to understand the indication of this push-button post: 1 button is "STOP", 2 buttons are "START", "STOP", 3 buttons are "FORWARD", "BACK", "STOP". The choice of climatic versions is possible. This is Y - moderate, CL - protected from the cold, T - tropical.
KP-101 series push-button post of emergency design, placed in a plastic case of the ABS type. This allows the device to be installed in various conditions. Multiple gaskets between pushers, contacts and cable insertion holes provide increased dust protection. It is mainly used to control lighting systems.
Photo - KP-101 The PK-221/9 starter is a modern fire station, which is necessary for switching networks up to 380 Volts with a standard frequency of 50 Hertz. The manufacturer has equipped it with 16 buttons, the contacts of which are completely isolated from each other. They are used in domestic and industrial conditions, they are especially often used in automatic lines. Also, a key feature is the metal case, due to which the device is protected from ignition and the spread of fire.
KMZ is an analogue of the more outdated PKU model, it is also called KM. The designation is deciphered as follows:
K - push-button, M - magnetic post, Z - protected from explosion, dust and fire. This is followed by the number of buttons (1, 2, 3) and the version according to the climate. The manufacturer has provided maximum protection for the working elements, so the post can be installed in an external control system. Magnetic devices are considered the most durable and fastest.
Photo - KMZ connection diagram Devices of the KE series (KE-011, 031, KE-91-1 ExdIIBT5-U2 and others) for connection in DC and AC networks. Depending on the type of execution, they can have one button (red mushroom), two or three. The maximum voltage for this series is 660 volts at 60 hertz. All KE devices are divided into groups:
- With a mushroom-type pusher;
- With a cylindrical valve;
- With signal lamp or illumination under explosion-proof glass.
In addition to domestic models, imported push-button posts (Schneider Electric, ABB - ABB, Legrand, IEK) are also used, which can be bought in official stores. In particular, this is the fireman XAL (Harmony XALD, XALK). Dimensions allow devices to be mounted in switchboards or on various moving parts of controlled devices. Sometimes several models are used, which, when assembled, represent a control launch point.
The price for a push-button post depends on its type, brand and area of use (the cost can vary from several hundred rubles, but sometimes the price list reaches tens of thousands). When buying, it is imperative to check the passport of the device, its service life and warranty.
Push-button control stations are devices of a rectangular or square configuration in a housing made of durable plastic, plastic or metal, inside which push-button controls are mounted. Functionally and structurally, the devices may slightly differ from each other, however, their principle of operation is identical - the transportation of alternating current through voltage circuits with indicators up to 600 volts (frequency - up to 60 Hz). As a result, the operating mode of the connected units changes. The controllers can also be operated with direct current up to 400 V (settings can be changed in stationary or remote mode). The main area of use of the devices under consideration is industrial sectors. The principle of operation of the device is the transmission of power in the control circuit of the electric motor.
Purpose and functionality
Industrial push-button control stations are designed for remote control of various devices and devices with electric motors. Most often they are used in control circuits of three-phase motors of synchronous and asynchronous action.
The use allows the operator of the ventilation unit to adjust the operation of the unit from his workplace, without going up into the area of the equipment. As a rule, push-button control posts are located on a common panel, the so-called general control post.
The main functions of the devices in question:
- Activation and deactivation of electrical appliances and apparatus.
- Reversing (switching the direction of rotation of the rotor).
- Emergency shutdown of machines and other devices.
Operation in high-voltage circuits of the considered regulators is not provided.
Connection
The connection of push-button control stations and their subsequent operation is carried out using coils of magnetic starters, which provide direct and reverse switching on of the motor. Control on the remote control is carried out by buttons "Start", "Stop" ("Forward / Back").
When the "Start-forward" pusher is activated, power is transmitted to the first magnetic starter through its coil, after which the group of contacts is closed, providing power to the windings of the electric motor. When the "Start-forward" function is activated, the activation of the coil of the second magnetic starter is blocked, while the normally open contacts close in parallel to the "Start-forward" mode.
Turning on the "Stop" key ensures that the electric motor is de-energized, while power is not supplied to both starters, the contacts are in an open state. When the reverse is activated, the operation of the contacts is similar to the start, only the power is supplied to the second magnetic starter.
Features of the
Depending on the number of controlled consumers of electrical energy, push-button control stations can be two- or multi-button. It is worth noting that in the production of installation and electrical work, single buttons are used, which are installed by the user on any type of push-button switch.
The devices under consideration are installed in a metal or plastic case with mounting holes for mounting the fittings in the place chosen as the main operational station. A separate category includes control panels for telphers (PKT), bridge hoists and overhead cranes.
The main element of the push-button control station is a push-button, which is a manually controlled electrical switchgear. Consider the types of pushers and the devices themselves, their differences between themselves, as well as features in terms of application.
Types of pushers
The pushers used in the design of the push-button control station, the price of which varies from 300 to 800 rubles (depending on the type and material of the body), are divided into two categories:
- Self-return options. Such buttons are returned to their original position by means of a spring located on the pusher in the lower part.
- Fixed (self-retaining) models. Buttons of this type fix the contact tightly until pressed again.
The most widespread is the two-button modification, the pushers are painted in different colors. In the free position, the "Start" button has open contacts, and the "Stop" button is closed. Pushers may vary in color and shape:
- The color of the lock button is usually red or yellow.
- The launch pushers are available in black, blue, green or white.
- The shape of the buttons can be in the form of a mushroom, a cylinder, and also recessed in the body.
Types of remotes
There is a wide range of push-button controllers on the modern market. Functionally, they are almost identical, differing in brand, configuration and body material.
The PKE push-button control post is produced in Russia and is used to control industrial equipment. This series is mainly used in the schemes of metal-woodworking machines, as well as in the production of various mechanisms.
Operational characteristics of the device:
- The limit value of the switched voltage (AC / DC) is 600/400 volts.
- Switching current - 10 A.
- Maximum operating cycles - 5x10 ₆.
Push-button control stations PKU are designed for use in an environment protected from explosions, where the accumulation of a gas-dust mixture will not provoke a violation of the integrity and operability of the controller. The parameters of this electrical fittings are similar to those of the PKE.
PCT
This type of push-button control stations is designed for aggregation with electrical equipment of lifting devices such as electric hoists, bridge cranes and girder cranes equipped with manual ground control. As a rule, this type of controller is used in various production workshops, warehouses, and special production facilities.
The characteristics of the operational and electrical plan are comparable to those of the PKU and PKE versions. Also in the domestic market, Chinese-made electrical fittings are sold under the IEK label. Its performance is completely identical to its Russian counterparts. The price also does not differ much from identical domestic modifications.
Explosion-proof push-button control station
Domestic explosion-proof controllers with pushers in the letter designation have an additional index "B", for example, PVK or KPVT. Such devices are used in control circuits of equipment that is operated in an explosive environment (mines, oil storages, paint shops and similar industries).
Posts such as XAC-A (Germany) and KS (Poland) are widely used. Also in this segment, remote push-button electrical fittings are starting to be used more often.
In conclusion
PVK is a push-button control station, which is used to control electrical equipment in an explosive environment. Analogues without the "B" index are used in safer areas. The principle of operation of all regulators with pushers is identical, they differ externally and in the number of buttons. Models in a metal case are stronger and more expensive. When choosing a post, one should take into account the features of its further operation and the compliance of the characteristics with the conditions of use.
Equipment control requires the use of several wiring and auxiliary products - these are on and off buttons, mode / speed switches, signal lamps, automatic devices, sound sources, etc.
All of these and similar devices allow you to quickly respond to any changes in the operation of electrical engineering, machine tools and entire systems, which is necessary for safety and efficient operation.
Light signal fittings
The most popular in our time is LED fittings based on semiconductors - these technologies can no longer be called innovative, but they are the most progressive of the developed ones. LED lamps, indicators, signal lights, etc. provide truly bright illumination, have a very long service life, are reliable and require almost no repair. In addition, as you know, these are very economical devices to operate.
The shape, size and design of the light signaling devices are varied. Complex products can contain not only lamps, but also displays that demonstrate certain indicators that exist on the device at the current time. Some sirens work immediately in both sound and flickering, pulsating light-signaling modes, which allows you to attract attention from a greater distance and much faster.
Buttons
Button posts and separate buttons for starting equipment are very diverse solutions. It would seem that nothing could be simpler than a button, because the device is only needed to connect and disconnect contacts. In reality, there are a lot of situations in production, and therefore the button blocks can be very different from each other.
Emergency buttons usually have a large area, are clearly visible, protruding and especially sensitive - so that they can be touched with a slight movement and emergency stop of the electric motors. Trigger buttons and switches, on the other hand, can be tight - the goal is to protect a potentially dangerous machine or device from accidental or unauthorized start-up.
Special buttons can have latches, additional light indicators, be painted in different colors, etc.
The catalog of the online store "Minimax" contains all the necessary devices or components.
