Frequency converter 220 for 3 phases. Frequency converter - types, principle of operation, connection diagrams

The frequency converter for 380 or 220 V is capable of controlling the operation of three-phase asynchronous motors that operate on different types of networks: an industrial three-phase or a conventional single-phase power supply.

Specifications:

• switching frequency up to 15 kHz with 0.1 kHz resolution
• 8 digital inputs (6 for ISD)
• 2 analogue scalable inputs 0-10V and 4-20mA
• 1 relay output with changeover contact (250V, 3A)
• 2 discrete transistor outputs (1 for ISD)
• 2 analog outputs 0-10V and 4-20mA
• 15 configurable fixed frequencies

Applications:

• Conveyors and conveyor systems
• Pumps, Compressors and Fans
• Food equipment
• Painting equipment and preparation for painting, equipment for welding
• Lifting and transport equipment
• Metal and woodworking machines

Functions:

• speed control by analog or digital signal or in manual mode using a potentiometer on the front panel of the device
• 4 different options for deceleration and acceleration times
• easily realizable reverse of asynchronous electric motors
• protection of the electric motor against overvoltage and overcurrent
• temperature control of the transistor module
• dC braking
• electronic potentiometer (MOP)
• PID control mode for process parameter values \u200b\u200b(pressure level, temperature, flow rate, etc.)
• PLC speed control mode
• RS485 port, Modbus protocol

Operating modes:

• v / f control (linear or quadratic, slip compensation)
• frequency regulation range up to 1/20 with maintaining the rated torque of the electric motor

Reliability:

• proven performance reliability
• overload current: 150% In for 60 sec
• PID controller
• output frequency up to 400Hz
• built-in brake wrench up to 15 kW
• built-in controller with cyclic control of motor speed
• display of information on frequency, rotation speed, motor current, etc.

Rated characteristics of a frequency converter with a power of 0.09 kW - 3.7 kW. Single phase, 220 V, 50/60 Hz
Control		Weekend power [kW]	Output current [A]	Transshipment ability [(60s) (A)]	price, rub. VAT included
V / f	vector
ISD091M21B		0,09	0,7	1,05	7000 ₽
ISD121M21B		0,12	0,8	1,2	7100 ₽
ISD181M21B		0,18	1	1,5	7100 ₽
ISD251M21B		0,25	1,5	2,25	7200 ₽
ISD401M21B		0,4	2,5	3,75	7300 ₽
	CDI-EM60G0R4S2				by agreement
ISD551M21B		0,55	3,5	5,25	7400 ₽
ISD751M21B		0,75	5	7,5	7400 ₽
	CDI-EM60G0R75S2				by agreement
ISD112M21B		1,1	6	9	8300 ₽
ISD152M21B		1,5	7	10,5	8400 ₽
	CDI-EM60G1R5S2				by agreement
ISD222M21B		2,2	11	16,5	10800 ₽
	CDI-EM60G2R2S2				by agreement
ISD372U21B		3,7	16,5	24,75	17700 ₽

Rated characteristics of a frequency converter with a power of 0.4 kW - 30 kW. Three phases, 380 V, 50/60 Hz
Control		Weekend power [kW]	Output current [A]	Transshipment ability [(60s) (A)]	price, rub. VAT included
V / f	vector
ISD401M43B		0,4	1,5	2,25	9800 ₽
ISD751M43B		0,75	2,7	4,05	10000 ₽
	CDI-EM60G0R75T4B				by agreement
ISD152M43B		1,5	4	6	11300 ₽
	CDI-EM60G1R5T4B				by agreement
ISD222M43B		2,2	5	7,5	12000 ₽
	CDI-EM60G2R2T4B				by agreement
ISD302M43B		3	6,8	10,2	15900 ₽
ISD402M43B		4	8,6	12,9	16100 ₽
	CDI-EM60G3R7T4B				by agreement
ISD552M43B		5,5	12,5	18,75	19700 ₽
	CDI-EM60G5R5T4B				by agreement
ISD752M43B		7,5	17,5	26,25	24400 ₽
	CDI-EM60G7R5T4B				by agreement
ISD113M43B		11	24	36	29500 ₽
IBD153U43B		15	30	45	44200 ₽
IBD183U43B		18,5	40	60	58900 ₽
IBD223U43B		22	47	70,5	66 900 ₽
IBD303U43B		30	65	97,5	96500 ₽

Features of the frequency converter

Applications... You can buy a three-phase or single-phase frequency converter that best suits your needs. The devices are used in enterprises, in the housing and utilities sector (pumping, elevator equipment), in construction, in large ventilation and air conditioning systems.

Main functions... Frequency converter single-phase or three-phase - functional device. So, with the help of instruments, you can adjust the speed using an analog or digital signal or manual mode. The converter is able to smoothly accelerate and decelerate the equipment electric motor, while the range of acceleration and deceleration times is 0.01 s - 50 minutes. The device protects the motor from overvoltage, current, etc. Also, frequency converters have a PID - mode, due to which the temperature, pressure level and other technological parameters are controlled. All information about the frequency, speed, current and voltage of the motor is transmitted on a digital display.

Specifications... Since the devices are designed for a wide range of applications, you can buy a frequency converter at a favorable price in accordance with the characteristics of your electrical equipment. Products will differ in output power (from 0.25 to 560 kW, depending on the version), output current (from 1.5 to 1130 A), output frequency (0.1 to 400 Hz), overload capacity (2.25 to 1695 (60 s) (A)). All models are equipped with digital and analogue outputs, changeover relay output, transistor outputs, analogue scalable inputs. The maximum switching frequency is 15 kHz in 0.1 Hz steps. The price of a frequency converter depends on the rating of each model.

Benefits of using

• Increasing the service life of the electric motor and equipment due to its smooth start and stop;
• Reducing the cost of equipment repair;
• Energy savings up to 75%;
• The ability to organize high-quality management and control of technological processes.

How to order

The page provides a detailed description and technical characteristics of the frequency converter. In order to buy a 220 V frequency converter, 3-phase output or other modification, use the "Send a request" button. Fill in your contact details and send us a message. The company's managers will contact you to clarify the details. If you cannot choose, call +7 (499) 322 - 38 - 33. Our experts will answer all your questions and you can order a suitable modification of the frequency converter. You can get your order in our office or order delivery to any region of Russia.

You can buy frequency converters in Moscow for cash and bank transfer.

A normal household electrical network is constantly running about 220 volts. And for the full, efficient operation of some equipment, it is necessary that the electrical network be three-phase under a voltage of 380 volts. This can be achieved using a universal frequency converter 220v output 3 phase, which, together with induction motors, is able to completely replace electric motors operating at constant frequency current. This is possible due to the fact that the equipment has higher reliability and low cost.

The disadvantage of DC electrical units, which require 3 phases to operate, is their low efficiency, relatively high maintenance costs and low efficiency... They have a simple device for controlling the speed of rotation of internal elements, but their weak point is the electric motor itself. His work is often accompanied by sparking brushes. Also, its collector fails faster, from the continuous effects of erosion, the occurrence of which is due to electromagnetic field... They have some restrictions on their use, for example, they cannot be installed indoors, which are very dusty or may contain explosive vapors.

But at the same time, asynchronous electric motors also have their disadvantages. During operation, vibrations of varying intensity may occur inside electrical units, or extraneous noise may appear. This is due to the uneven distribution of torque, in order to stabilize it, use universal frequency converters... They allow you to easily adjust the speed of rotation using dedicated control panels, while making the operation of electric motors more efficient.

Frequency converters for three phases can be absolutely any design and size, regardless of which, they all perfectly fulfill their intended purpose, the transformation of the input parameters of the power grid. Main advantages of this electrical equipment are as follows:

• minimum power losses, or their complete absence;
• elementary constructive device;
• the ability to simultaneously use electric motors of absolutely any design;
• full conversion of a single-phase network into 3 phases;
• own low power consumption;
• optimal electronic control system that allows you to control all work processes occurring during operation.

But, so that during operation do not face complicationsarising when working in single-phase networks of equipment on three phases, some requirements must be met:

1. In a domestic environment, when operating frequency converters, it is not necessary to create a load within the electrical network of more than 3 kW, which is quite enough to solve all household needs.
2. Equipment connection must be performed in a strictly established sequence.... The first is the start of the frequency converter for three phases, only after the start of its operation, the remaining elements are started. The equipment shutdown process should be the opposite.
3. After connecting all electric motors, their total rated power consumption should be less than the current (voltage) value at the output of the frequency converter.
4. To eliminate the likelihood of burnout of the converting equipment into 3 phases, at their output, during standard, normal operation, the operating current must have a value greater than that consumed by the electric motor.

Frequency converter capabilities

They all have approximately the same output characteristics, so you can consider them using the example of a frequency converter from INNOVERT. It is very easy to operate, it is a multifunctional device, and its installation and subsequent adjustment will not cause any difficulties.

Frequency converter 220V output 3 phases designed to work in conjunction with electric motors, it can be used both for domestic needs and in industry. It has a control panel that can be removed if necessary. This allows, using special laid cables, to pull the controls for the operation of the frequency converter to any desired place, and place the main unit itself inside an insulated, sealed cabinet in order to exclude harmful effects on it as much as possible.

Based on the characteristics of the output and input voltage, this converter is divided into three types:

• three-phase 380 Volt input - 380 Volt three-phase output;
• single-phase 220 Volt input - 380 Volt three-phase output;
• single-phase 220 Volt input - 220 Volt single-phase output.

This means that using inside the electrical circuit frequency converter, you can connect:

• asynchronous electric motor with 3 phases, delivering power up to 500 kW, to a three-phase power grid with a nominal alternating voltage of 380 volts;
• asynchronous electric drive with one phase, delivering power up to 2.5 kW, to a single-phase power grid with a rated alternating voltage of 220 Volts for domestic use;
• asynchronous electric motor with 3 phases, operating at power up to 3.5 kW, to a single-phase household network.

Frequency converter has the following functional features:

• the possibility of using the reversible movement of the electric drive;
• compensation of sliding moments;
• deceleration or acceleration time, adjustable using four modes;
• the ability to choose from preset 15 speed modes;
• you can suspend the electric motor using direct current;
• temperature control, both the main unit and the electronic module with transistors;
• rotation speed is regulated in three ways, using the transmission of analog or digital signals within the network, or located on the control panel, the potentiometer knob;
• regulation of rotation speed using PLC mode;
• a device for protecting the electric motor from sudden fluctuations or surges in voltage and current values \u200b\u200bwithin the power grid, and from overload;
• control or monitor process parameters such as energy consumption, element temperature and pressure using PID mode
• the ability to use any of the two modes of operation, range control when changing the value of the nominal torque in a ratio of 1 to 20, or slip compensation under control in the U / f mode (quadratic or linear);
• the possibility of additional equipment with DC chokes (reactors) to provide protection, or dynamic braking elements.

The three-phase converter possesses the following technical characteristics:

• 8 digital inputs, 6 of which use IMD mode;
• 2 outputs for analog signals with a load current value up to 20 mA, voltage up to 10 V;
• modulation with a discrete frequency of 0.1 kHz during switching, not exceeding 15 kHz;
• fixing the frequency by preset 15 different tuning modes;
• the engine speed is cyclically controlled by the built-in controller;
• 2 scalable inputs for analog signals with voltage value up to 10 Volt, load current up to 20 mA;
• brake keys are additionally installed inside frequency converters with a power of up to 15 kW;
• pID regulator;
• 1 output with a contact for switching - 3 Amperes and 250 Volts;
• the frequency of the current at the output from the device reaches 400 Hz;
• two transistor outputs providing a constant signal, one of which is for IMD.

Frequency converter 220 V output 3 phase has high reliability and efficiency. It can be used in conjunction with a wide variety of electric motors with high power ratings, which operate under the influence of light loads. It is able to withstand an overload for one minute, even if there is a sharp double excess of the load current.

The converter can be used in various areas of industrial production, and in the domestic sphere. Most often it is used to ensure the smooth operation of such technological equipment as submersible pumps, flow pumps, winding machines, conveyors, compressors, extruders, conveyors, supply fans, etc.

The rotor of any electric motor is driven by forces caused by a rotating electromagnetic field inside the stator winding. Its speed is usually determined by the industrial frequency of the electrical network.

Its standard value of 50 hertz implies fifty oscillation periods in one second. In one minute, their number increases 60 times and is 50x60 \u003d 3000 revolutions. The rotor turns the same number of times under the influence of the applied electromagnetic field.

If you change the value of the network frequency applied to the stator, then you can adjust the speed of rotation of the rotor and the drive connected to it. This principle is the basis for the control of electric motors.

Types of frequency converters

By design, frequency converters are:

1. induction type;

2. electronic.

Asynchronous electric motors, made and launched in generator mode, are representatives of the first type. During operation, they have low efficiency and are noted for low efficiency. Therefore, they have not found wide application in production and are used extremely rarely.

The method of electronic frequency conversion allows for smooth regulation of the speed of both asynchronous and synchronous machines. In this case, one of two control principles can be implemented:

1.According to a predetermined characteristic of the dependence of the rotation speed on the frequency (V / f);

2. vector control method.

The first method is the simplest and less perfect, and the second is used to accurately control the rotation speeds of critical industrial equipment.

Features of vector control of frequency conversion

The difference between this method is the interaction, the influence of the converter control device on the "space vector" of the magnetic flux rotating with the frequency of the rotor field.

Algorithms for converters to work on this principle are created in two ways:

1. sensorless control;

2. flow regulation.

The first method is based on the assignment of a certain dependence of the alternation of the inverter sequences for previously prepared algorithms. In this case, the amplitude and frequency of the voltage at the output of the converter are controlled by slip and load current, but without using feedbacks on the rotor speed.

This method is used when controlling several electric motors connected in parallel to a frequency converter. Flow control implies monitoring the operating currents inside the motor with their decomposition into active and reactive components and making adjustments to the operation of the converter to set the amplitude, frequency and angle for the output voltage vectors.

This improves the accuracy of the engine and increases the limits of its regulation. The use of flow control expands the capabilities of drives operating at low speeds with high dynamic loads, such as crane hoists or industrial winding machines.

Using vector technology allows dynamic torque control to be applied to.

Equivalent circuit

A basic simplified electrical circuit of an induction motor can be represented as follows.

Voltage u1 is applied to the stator windings, which have active R1 and inductive X1 resistances. It, overcoming the resistance of the air gap Xv, is transformed into a rotor winding, causing a current in it that overcomes its resistance.

Equivalent circuit vector diagram

Its construction helps to understand the processes occurring inside the induction motor.

The stator current energy is divided into two parts:

iµ is the flow-forming share;

iw - moment-forming component.

In this case, the rotor has an active resistance R2 / s, which depends on slip.

For sensorless control, the following are measured:

voltage u1;

current i1.

According to their values, they calculate:

iµ - flux-forming current component;

iw - torque-generating value.

The calculation algorithm has already included an electronic equivalent circuit of an induction motor with current controllers, which takes into account the conditions of saturation of the electromagnetic field and losses of magnetic energy in steel.

Both of these components of the current vectors, differing in angle and amplitude, rotate together with the rotor coordinate system and are recalculated into a stationary stator orientation system.

According to this principle, the parameters of the frequency converter are adjusted to the load of the asynchronous motor.

The principle of operation of the frequency converter

This device, which is also called an inverter, is based on a double change in the waveform of the supply electrical network.

Initially, industrial voltage is applied to a power rectifier unit with powerful diodes, which remove sinusoidal harmonics, but leave signal ripple. To eliminate them, a capacitor bank with an inductance (LC-filter) is provided, which provides a stable, smoothed shape to the rectified voltage.

Then the signal goes to the input of the frequency converter, which is a three-phase bridge circuit of six series IGBTs or MOSFETs with reverse polarity voltage breakdown protection diodes. The thyristors used earlier for these purposes do not have sufficient speed and operate with great interference.

To turn on the "braking" mode of the motor, a controlled transistor with a powerful resistor that dissipates energy can be installed in the circuit. This technique allows you to remove the voltage generated by the motor to protect the filter capacitors from overcharging and failure.

The method of vector control of the frequency of the converter allows you to create circuits that carry out automatic control of the signal by ACS systems. For this, a control system is used:

1.amplitude;

2. PWM (pulse width simulation).

The amplitude control method is based on changing the input voltage, and PWM is based on the switching algorithm of power transistors with a constant input voltage.

With PWM regulation, a signal modulation period is created when the stator winding is connected in strict order to the positive and negative terminals of the rectifier.

Since the clock frequency of the generator is quite high, then in the winding of the electric motor, which has an inductive resistance, they are smoothed to a normal sinusoid.

PWM control methods maximize the elimination of energy losses and provide high conversion efficiency due to the simultaneous control of frequency and amplitude. They have become available thanks to the development of technologies for controlling power lockable thyristors of the GTO series or bipolar brands of IGBT transistors with an insulated gate.

The principles of their inclusion to control a three-phase motor are shown in the picture.

Each of the six IGBTs is connected in anti-parallel circuit to its reverse current diode. In this case, the active current of the induction motor passes through the power circuit of each transistor, and its reactive component is directed through the diodes.

To eliminate the influence of external electrical noise on the operation of the inverter and the motor, the frequency converter circuit design can be included, eliminating:

radio interference;

electrical discharges induced by operating equipment.

They are signaled by the controller, and to reduce the effect, shielded wiring is used between the motor and the inverter output terminals.

In order to improve the accuracy of the operation of asynchronous motors, the control circuit of frequency converters includes:

communication input with advanced interface capabilities;

built-in controller;

memory card;

software;

informational LED display showing the main output parameters;

brake chopper and built-in EMC filter;

cooling system of the circuit based on blowing with fans of increased resource;

the function of heating the engine by means of direct current and some other possibilities.

Operational connection diagrams

Frequency converters are designed to work with single-phase or three-phase networks. However, if there are industrial sources of direct current with a voltage of 220 volts, then inverters can also be powered from them.

Three-phase models are designed for a mains voltage of 380 volts and supply it to the electric motor. Single-phase inverters are powered from 220 volts and at the output they give out three phases spaced in time.

The connection diagram of the frequency converter to the motor can be performed according to the diagrams:

stars;

triangle.

The motor windings are assembled in a "star" for the inverter powered from a 380 volt three-phase network.

According to the "triangle" scheme, the motor windings are assembled when the converter supplying it is connected to a single-phase 220 volt network.

When choosing a method of connecting an electric motor to a frequency converter, one should pay attention to the power ratio that a running motor can create in all modes, including slow, loaded start, with the capabilities of the inverter.

You cannot constantly overload the frequency converter, and a small margin of its output power will provide it with long-term and trouble-free operation.

Frequency converter 3 phase

Each specialist calls this device differently: “Frequency converter, inverter, three-phase frequency converter, frequency converter, frequency converter for asynchronous motor… etc.”, the essence does not change. Frequency converter - allows for smooth adjustment of the rotor speed of the induction motor, in a wide range of its frequency.Starting, braking, reversing, and as already mentioned, changing the speed of rotation of the electric motor, all of these factors will be safe and always under strict control, in the presence of a frequency converter.

We can offer you a three-phase frequency converter for 380v, the following powers: 1.1 kw, 1.5 kw, 2.2 kw, 3 kw, 4 kw, 5.5 kw, 7.5 kw, 9 kw, 11 kw, 15 kw , 18.5 kw, 22 kw, 30 kw, 37 kw, 45 kw, 55 kw, 75 kw, 90 kw, 110 kw, 132 kw, 160 kw, 185 kw, 200 kw, 285 kw, 315 kw, 350 kw , 400 kw, 500 kw.

Pay attention to the mechanical power your motor can deliver, not how much power it uses. The rated current of the inverter must be higher than the rated current of the motor.

Principle of operation

The frequency converter works on the principle of double energy conversion. In the rectifier, the input voltage is converted, in the filter it is smoothed, and through the inverter it exits with a different amplitude and frequency. The output transistors provide the required voltage for the power supply.

In order to reduce electromagnetic interference, the frequency converter must be equipped with an EMC filter at the input and output.

Benefits of using frequency converters

In the case of pumping equipment, the advantages of using a frequency converter are obvious. Full control of the entire process, smooth start and stop of the engine, which avoids harmful transient processes, namely, hydraulic shocks in the pipelines when starting and stopping the pump, smooth adjustment of the pump technological parameters in accordance with the set operating point of the hydraulic system, maintaining the specified pressure value in system.

The start of the electric motor is carried out at a low current, limited at the level of the nominal value, which has a positive effect on its performance and increases its durability, as well as reduces the requirements for the power of the supply network, as a result, significant energy savings.

General advantages

• Energy savings.
• Extending the life of technological equipment.
• Control over technical parameters.
• Reducing the cost of repairs.
• Improving production efficiency.

The main areas of application of frequency converters

Our frequency converters can be integrated into the control systems of electric motors and electric drives of the following objects:

Hot and cold water pumps in water and heat supply systems, auxiliary equipment for boiler houses, thermal power plants, thermal power plants and boiler units;

drives for drilling rigs, electric drills, drilling equipment;

Sand and slurry pumps in processing lines of processing plants;

Water treatment and water supply systems

Ventilation equipment

Lifting and conveying equipment

Conveyor protection

Various production lines

Pumps of various types (water, oil, oil, food, etc.)

Roller tables, conveyors, conveyors, other vehicles with electrical control;

power manipulator mechanisms

Batchers and feeders;

Elevator equipment;

Cutters, crushers, mills, mixers, extruders;

Centrifuges of various types;

Homogenizers from laboratory to industrial capacity up to 50,000 l / h

Equipment for packing

Lines for the production of film, cardboard and other tape materials;

Equipment for rolling mills and other metallurgical units;

Electric drives of machine tools;

Anything that is somehow connected with electric motors and electric drives can and should be equipped with a frequency converter.

A frequency converter of Russian and foreign production is widely represented on the domestic market:

Europe and America: Siemens, ABB, SEW Eurodrive, Control Techniques (Emerson), Schneider Electric, Grundfoss, Danfoss, K.E.B., Lenze, Allen-Breadly (Rockwell Automation), Bosch Rexroth. Emotron, Vacon, SSD Drives (Parker), Baumuller, Elettronica Santerno, General Electric, AC Technology International (Lenze) and WEG (Brazil).

Asia: Mitsubishi Electric, Omron-Yaskawa, Panasonic, Hitachi, Toshiba, SunFar, Fuji Electric, LG Industrial Systems, HYUNDAI Electronics, Delta Electronics, Tecorp, Long Shenq Electronic, Mecapion.

Russia: Vesper, Aries, Leader.

The Chinese frequency converters have recently approached the leading European brands in quality. It's no secret that eminent world manufacturers have long and successfully produced their products at factories in the Middle Kingdom, while the quality of their products remains at the highest level.

Humanity is making full use of modern technical inventions that are fundamentally new. Life sometimes makes you study fancy layouts, marvel at the tricks of home-grown techies. And even without being fans, we just sometimes want to be in the subject. In fact, to understand the issue, you just need to go from the elementary to the complex, from the beginning to the end. And it is better to start by clarifying the incomprehensible things.

What is a three-phase network?

Phase means a change in direction between the values \u200b\u200bof the power grid at the same time. In the case of 3 f. current, use three voltages oriented in 3 different directions. Thus, the mains voltage is calculated by adding vector quantities, and does not equal the algebraic sum of all voltages.

Let's consider an example of the same engine. When 380 V is applied to the coil, different pairs of phases are used in a specific sequence for each winding. Actually, therefore, the 380 circuit is characterized by addition (220 + 220 + 220 \u003d 660) V. This explanation is very simplistic and incomplete, but hopefully well presented. And it is written so that it is clear to us, electric kettles.

Technically speaking, in a three-phase power grid, conductor circuits carry three variable values \u200b\u200bof physical quantities that reach instantaneous peaks at different times. Taking one conductor as a reference, the other two currents are delayed in time by one third and two thirds from one current cycle. This delay between phases, has the effect of transmitting power during each cycle, and also allows the production of a rotating magnetic field.

Ways of connecting windings

Motors in everyday life and amateur practice drive a variety of mechanisms - a circular saw, an electric plane, a fan, a drilling machine, pumping equipment. Not knowing how electric motors work, it is better not to go into the jungle with frequency drives. Engines are:

• permanent
• and alternating current (asynchronous and synchronous).

The mechanism includes a rotor and a stator. The principle of electromagnetic induction, studied at school, underlies the principle of their work. Most of the produced electric motors are "asynchronous". Where did this word come from? The frequency of rotation of a moving part (rotor) always lags behind the rotation frequency of the magnetic field of a stationary one (stator). The frequency scale at the output varies - 1000, 1500, 3000 ... rpm. And all because the rotor is able to rotate on the shaft at different speeds inside the core.

According to the number of poles, the units are one-, two, three-pole. In the stator core, the latter is located on a winding for each phase, the ends of which are brought out to the terminal box. How can you increase the speed of an induction motor (AM) without losing power? By changing the number of pole pairs.

To switch to other methods, and there are two more, we cannot do without the conventions "star" and "triangle". The three windings of the coil can be connected in two ways: at a point or in a circle, hence the names of the connections "star", "triangle".

What will happen if a three-phase engine connected by a triangle is connected to the 380 V power grid? In this case, the starting current values \u200b\u200bcan increase sevenfold, which will lead to a network overload. When dealing with engines, you need to be extremely careful. When buying a product, be sure to think about if a triangle / star icon is depicted on the nameplates (and not vice versa star / triangle) at the same voltage of 220/380 V.

How to connect a three-phase motor to a 220 V network

The use of a three-pole IM in a single-phase electrical network is of interest to many owners of private houses. Units are in increasing demand in the household. By their design, they are quite simple and unpretentious in operation. However, in terms of connecting the motor to a single-phase network, not everything is so simple.

The pulsating field of a single-phase current is not able to bring the rotor of the electric motor into rotation - such a current must be converted into a multiphase one and then only supplied to the unit.

You should not pay attention to rationalization proposals using latr-s and other home-made structures. We are not engaged in the field of transcendental NANO technology and science fiction, we cannot count on the fee for the support of the "Nobel laureates". Today, there are two sensible ways of converting a single-phase current into a multiphase one - this is connecting the unit through:

1. phase-shifting capacitor;
2. frequency converter.

Let's consider them in order.

1. Phase displacement with capacitors

It is not a problem to create a rotating magnetic field in three-phase circuits; during energy generation, an EMF is induced in the stator windings due to the rotation of the magnetized rotor. Some people manage to resort to simple "tricks". Various schemes are used, for the compilers of which, the main question is to ensure the operation of electrical equipment without loss of power. For example, there is a method for shifting the phases in the windings in relation to each other.

It is enough to connect the capacitor in parallel with one of the windings, first selecting the device rating in such a way as to provide the required phase shift. This option is not bad if you follow the old rule: the fewer parts and they are simpler, the more reliable the system as a whole. A capacitor, of course, is a relatively cheap thing, it can be installed in a minute, but it requires special skills. But the second method with a converter, although expensive, pays off in convenience. Agree, quite an important factor.

1. Frequencies operating from a single-phase network

The frequency in our network is constant and equal to 50 Hz. The frequency converter is used to convert single-phase alternating current 50 Hz into three-phase, with a frequency of 1 to 800 Hz. The whole technology of the process is reduced to controlling the rotation speed of the asynchronous electric motor. Connecting the inverter means choosing the correct cable cross-section, wire types, and additional equipment. Do not think that by opening the page in the instructions, the essence will immediately become clear to you. You may not even achieve the result by connecting the wires according to the scheme, if you do not pay attention to some of the nuances. For what exactly?

Do-it-yourself converter from one to three phases.

Since the three-pole engine needs to be powered through the PE from a single-phase network, then two cables are needed: a two-core cable (up to 50 m you can use only an unshielded cable, a shielded cable up to 15 m), from - only a three-core one. One of the conductors of the wires is grounding, the rest are phase. The section is selected according to the technical data sheet for the frequency converter. The required voltage in the wires, just, is obtained by the current and resistance (according to the cross-section) of the cable according to the familiar formula: U \u003d R * I. The calculated data should be taken according to the PUE.

It is advised to buy a frequency converter with a doubled margin, not less than 2 kV. Its nominal value is designed only for the power of the machine, which means that at best it will turn off due to heat, at worst it will smoke. All of them are assembled according to the same scheme, on two thyristors controlled by a multivibrator. The scheme is simple. It is better to choose simple and more powerful. Buy where there is a choice and always with a guarantee.

Frequency converter 220-380, whose firm is better?

Let's answer the question on the merits. There are countless Asian manufacturers on the market for selling such equipment. Let's get tired of listing. A domestic emergency collector is a kind of lottery (sometimes it depends on what day of the week the device is assembled).

Frequency drives from Siemens usually fully comply with the requirements. Products manufactured by ABB or Danfoss are quite easy to set up. It is better than others in price and quality. Buy without hesitation. Judging by the reviews, they have a very decent device. Dynamic performance is enhanced by vector control, which also provides high torque at low frequencies during start-up and operation.

Versatile compact models of CP perfectly cope with the task of transforming network parameters, their obvious advantages are expressed in the following:

• the ability to generate a "full" three-phase current;
• no losses in engine power;
• suitability for any design of an electric motor;
• the constructiveness is very simple.
• own energy consumption is minimal.

Where are used frequency converters single-phase input-output 1 ph. 220 V

Asynchronous motors (IM) are more often used in everyday life than in industry, in particular in the system of single-pole duct fans and water pumps. It is no secret that there are difficulties associated with adjusting the speed of rotation of the blood pressure. What is the task of single-pole frequency converters input-output 220-220.

Uneven torque can lead to abnormal noise and vibration in the unit. To adjust the speed of three-phase electric motors, single-pole frequency drives 220/380 V (input / output) are used, sometimes with a special controller serving to control the device.

These types of converters are intended for operation in technological (pumps and fans, transport mechanisms, extruders, mixers, etc.) and energy-saving equipment (pump control stations, climate and air conditioning systems, etc.). Models are produced with the possibility of mounting on a DIN rail. They have a wide outlet. The smart control panel provides a comfortable working environment.

In order to avoid complications that are often encountered during the operation of 3-pole electric motors in single-phase networks, you should follow the rules:

1. the power of the motor used as a PE is selected greater than the power of the electric drive connected to it;
2. in practice, 4 kW converters are able to solve all existing economic problems in a private house. You can focus on a load of 2-3 kW, which is acceptable for the power grid;
3. the operating current of the converter in normal mode must be greater than its value indicated in the passport of this type of electric motors (otherwise the PE will simply burn out);
4. is carried out in a strict sequence: first the emergency start is started, then the 3-pole consumers. The equipment is turned off in reverse order.

Output

Today is not "yesterday", but if it happens that you need to connect a three-pole 230V motor, we think you can handle it. In fact, everything should be clear. You will need a regular 1-pole 220-380 V frequency converter.